The average annual temperatures are projected to rise by 3 to 7 degrees Celsius. Sea ice is expected to continue to decline significantly and Arctic land covered by snow is expected to decrease by 10-20 percent. The amount of the sun's energy reflected back to space decreases as the snow and ice melt which is leading to more intense surface warming due to the greenhouse effect. Melting of Arctic glaciers alone will have contributed to a sea level rise of about 5cm and is projected to rise to 10-90cm in this century.
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